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The Swiss National Bank (SNB) is the central bank of Switzerland, and so is therefore responsible for the monetary policy of the nation of Switzerland and also for the issuing of Swiss franc banknotes. The bank is otherwise known as: (ドイツ語:Schweizerische Nationalbank); (フランス語:Banque nationale suisse); (イタリア語:Banca nazionale svizzera); (ロマンシュ語:Banca naziunala svizra), which are the four official languages of the country. The SNB is an aktiengesellschaft under special regulations, and has two head offices, one is in Bern and the other one in Zurich. ==History== The bank formed as a result of the need for a reduction in the number of banks of issue, which numbered 53 sometime after 1826. In the 1874 revision of the Federal Constitution it was given the task to oversee laws concerning the issuing of banknotes. Then in 1891 the Federal Constitution was revised again to entrust the Confederation with sole rights to issue banknotes. The National Bank Law was enforced on 16 January 1906, and the Nationalbank began business activities on 20 June 1907, and is thought then founded sometime during either 1906 or 1907.〔(this source is showing the specific info ''verbatim'': ''founded in 1906'')〕 SNB itself states that it was founded in 1907.〔SNB - (Questions and Answers on the SNB as a company (9.) ) (2015-08-01 )〕 Sometime during World War I (1914-1917 〔A.J.P Taylor - The Origins of the Second World War, published 1961 (1st ed.) (about 1994 (Waterstones) & 2015 )〕), the bank was instructed to release notes of a small denomination, for the first time, by the Federal Council of Switzerland.〔 The Bundesrat devalued the Swiss Franc during 1936, and as a result, there was made available to the Nationalbank, an amount of monies, which the bank subsequently stored in a Währungsausgleischsfonds reserve for the future, for usage in situations of emergency.〔 In 1981 the bank participated in research involving Orell Füssli and an optical research group named Landis and Gyr, of matters of banknote design.〔K.J. Schell - (The History of Information Security: A Comprehensive Handbook (p.232) ) published by Elsevier 28 Aug 2007, 900 pages, (edited by Karl Maria Michael de Leeuw, Jan Bergstra), ISBN 0080550584 (2015-08-01 )〕 During 1994 the Bank was described as a joint-stock company acting under the administration and supervision of the Confederation, had eight branches and twenty sub-branches within cantons. The governing board had overall executive management of the Nationalbank, with supervision entrusted to its shareholders, the banks' council, the banks' committee, its local committees and auditing committee. There were three members of the governing board, who together decided the monetary policy of the Nationalbank. Towards the last months of 1993, the number of employees numbered 566.〔 With the inception of Article 99 of the Federal Constitution, in May 2004, the Nationalbank achieved formal independence.〔(ed. original source: ''National Bank Law'', used to locate ''Article 99'' info)〕 As of 2015 the Nationalbank was privately owned, with the majority of shares belonging to cantons and banks of cantons, and the smaller remainder in the possession of private individuals.〔SNB - (Questions and Answers on the SNB as a company (5) ) (2015-08-01 )〕 Shares of the SNB existed within SIX Swiss Exchange from 1907 onward.〔SNB - (Questions and Answers on the SNB as a company (9) ) (2015-08-01 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Swiss National Bank」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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